Bale opener
Purpose and scope:
Bale opener refers to devices for loosening bales of fibrous material and can be used in textile, food and other industries.
Bale opener is designed for continuous separation of cellulose material into homogeneous fibers, which, after processing, do not contain unopened lumps.
Specifications:
- Type of bale opener: three-rotor;
- Speed control range of the front drums: from 900 to 1800 rpm;
Conveyor belt speed control range: from 0.295 to 0.895 m/min;
Total power consumption: 23 kW;
Maximum bale dimensions: width – 700 mm, height – 600 mm; - Bale weight: max 150 kg;
- Productivity of the device: from 470 to 1000 kg/h;
End product data:
Name: cellulose fibers;
Fiber size: 5 to 16 mm;
Density: 34 kg/m 3 .
The main elements of the device:
- welded body;
- bale feeder into the loosening chamber;
- bale loosening device;
- device for feeding loosened pulp into the pneumatic line;
- bale feeder drive;
- loosening device drive.
The bale opener control system allows:
1) Transport bales of compacted pulp to loosening and dropping drums for continuous defibration of cellulose material;
2) Manage the installation in the adjustment and operating modes;
3) Count the number of bales passed;
4) Carry out diagnostics of the state of the machine elements;
5) Issue discrete signals to the external control system: readiness of the installation and its operation.
Description of the device operation:
The material is fed in the form of bales into the loosening chamber by a conveyor belt. The direction of rotation of the loosening drums is set so that the torn pieces of fibrous material fall into the upper part of the bale opener body. The loosening mechanism includes three loosening drums rotating in the same direction, two of which loosen the bale of pulp, and one throws the loosened pulp into the discharge funnel.
On the surface of the loosening drums, teeth are fixed, with the help of which loosening is performed. The pieces of fibrous material separated by loosening pegs from the upper loosening drum fall on the guide and combing comb, where, under the action of loosening pegs interacting with the combing comb, they are subjected to additional defibration. Pieces of fibrous material are additionally moved in the upper part of the housing with the help of air supplied through the nozzle. By changing the direction of the air flow from the branch pipe, it is possible to direct pieces of fibrous material to the desired areas of the bale opener body and change the intensity and degree of its defibration.
Removal of loose material from the lower part of the housing is carried out through the discharge pipe using pneumatic transport. To exclude stagnant zones and accumulation of dust in the lower part of the bale ripper body, loose material and dust are removed by air flow from a special nozzle. In addition, by adjusting the flow of air supplied from this nozzle, it is possible to control the speed of unloading the defibrated material from the bottom of the bale opener.
At the outlet of the apparatus, flaky cellulose.
Advantages
By loosening the cellulose, not only an improved reactivity is imparted, but also its transportability in the pneumatic conveying pipe is ensured.
The mechanism of the bale opener is designed in such a way that it allows you to select the optimal loosening modes for different types of fibrous materials, geometric dimensions and bale density in order to obtain fiberized material of the required density and uniformity.
The technical result of the device is expressed in improving the quality, reliability and productivity of obtaining loosened fibrous material.
The design of the drums provides for the possibility of replacing worn or broken teeth.
The installation ensures minimal dust formation and minimal release of it into the production room.
In order to prevent the ingress of dust that occurs during loosening into the air of the working area, the body of the bale ripper, as well as the drive mechanisms, are covered with a casing.
For access to drive mechanisms for the purpose of inspection and maintenance, there are doors on the sides of the casing. The doors are equipped with electromagnetic locks that do not allow opening until the drives have completely stopped.
The degree of loosening can be adjusted by changing the speed of the conveyor belt and the speed of the loosening drums.
Adjustment of frequency of rotation of drums is carried out on the control panel.
At the rear of the unit there is a branch pipe for connecting the pneumatic conveyor.
Coordination of the productivity of the bale opener with the productivity of the pneumatic conveyor is carried out by adjusting the speed of the throwing drum.